The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.

#### NAME

> accept - accept a new connection on a socket

#### SYNOPSIS

> ``#include <sys/socket.h>
> int accept(int` socket`, struct sockaddr *restrict` address`,
> socklen_t *restrict` address_len`);
> ``

#### DESCRIPTION

> The accept() function shall extract the first connection on the queue of pending connections, create a new socket with the same socket type protocol and address family as the specified socket, and allocate a new file descriptor for that socket.

> The accept() function takes the following arguments:

> socket
>   Specifies a socket that was created with socket(), has been bound to an address with bind(), and has issued a successful call to listen().
> address
>   Either a null pointer, or a pointer to a sockaddr structure where the address of the connecting socket shall be returned.
> address_len
>   Points to a socklen_t structure which on input specifies the length of the supplied sockaddr structure, and on output specifies the length of the stored address.

> If address is not a null pointer, the address of the peer for the accepted connection shall be stored in the sockaddr structure pointed to by address, and the length of this address shall be stored in the object pointed to by address_len.

> If the actual length of the address is greater than the length of the supplied sockaddr structure, the stored address shall be truncated.

> If the protocol permits connections by unbound clients, and the peer is not bound, then the value stored in the object pointed to by address is unspecified.

> If the listen queue is empty of connection requests and O_NONBLOCK is not set on the file descriptor for the socket, accept() shall block until a connection is present. If the listen() queue is empty of connection requests and O_NONBLOCK is set on the file descriptor for the socket, accept() shall fail and set errno to [EAGAIN] or [EWOULDBLOCK].

> The accepted socket cannot itself accept more connections. The original socket remains open and can accept more connections.

#### RETURN VALUE

> Upon successful completion, accept() shall return the non-negative file descriptor of the accepted socket. Otherwise, -1 shall be returned and errno set to indicate the error.

#### ERRORS

> The accept() function shall fail if:

> [EAGAIN] or [EWOULDBLOCK]
>   O_NONBLOCK is set for the socket file descriptor and no connections are present to be accepted.
> [EBADF]
>   The socket argument is not a valid file descriptor.
> [ECONNABORTED]
>   A connection has been aborted.
> [EINTR]
>   The accept() function was interrupted by a signal that was caught before a valid connection arrived.
> [EINVAL]
>   The socket is not accepting connections.
> [EMFILE]
>   {OPEN_MAX} file descriptors are currently open in the calling process.
> [ENFILE]
>   The maximum number of file descriptors in the system are already open.
> [ENOTSOCK]
>   The socket argument does not refer to a socket.
> [EOPNOTSUPP]
>   The socket type of the specified socket does not support accepting connections.

> The accept() function may fail if:

> [ENOBUFS]
>   No buffer space is available.
> [ENOMEM]
>   There was insufficient memory available to complete the operation.
> [EPROTO]
>   [XSR] A protocol error has occurred; for example, the STREAMS protocol stack has not been initialized.

The following sections are informative.

#### EXAMPLES

> None.

#### APPLICATION USAGE

> When a connection is available, select() indicates that the file descriptor for the socket is ready for reading.

#### RATIONALE

> None.

#### FUTURE DIRECTIONS

> None.

#### SEE ALSO

> bind(), connect(), listen() , socket(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <sys/socket.h>

#### CHANGE HISTORY

> First released in Issue 6. Derived from the XNS, Issue 5.2 specification.

> The restrict keyword is added to the accept() prototype for alignment with the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard.

End of informative text.

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