The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.

#### NAME

> scalbln, scalblnf, scalblnl, scalbn, scalbnf, scalbnl - compute exponent using FLT_RADIX

#### SYNOPSIS

> ``#include <math.h>
> double scalbln(double` x`, long` n`);
> float scalblnf(float` x`, long` n`);
> long double scalblnl(long double` x`, long` n`);
> double scalbn(double` x`, int` n`);
> float scalbnf(float` x`, int` n`);
> long double scalbnl(long double` x`, int` n`);
> ``

#### DESCRIPTION

> [CX] The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 defers to the ISO C standard.

> These functions shall compute x * FLT_RADIXn efficiently, not normally by computing FLT_RADIXn explicitly.

> An application wishing to check for error situations should set errno to zero and call feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these functions. On return, if errno is non-zero or fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is non-zero, an error has occurred.

#### RETURN VALUE

> Upon successful completion, these functions shall return x * FLT_RADIXn.

> If the result would cause overflow, a range error shall occur and these functions shall return ±HUGE_VAL, ±HUGE_VALF, and ±HUGE_VALL (according to the sign of x) as appropriate for the return type of the function.

> If the correct value would cause underflow, and is not representable, a range error may occur, and [MX] either 0.0 (if supported), or an implementation-defined value shall be returned.

> [MX] If x is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.

> If x is ±0 or ±Inf, x shall be returned.

> If n is 0, x shall be returned.

> If the correct value would cause underflow, and is representable, a range error may occur and the correct value shall be returned.

#### ERRORS

> These functions shall fail if:

> Range Error
>   The result overflows.

>   If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero, then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the overflow floating-point exception shall be raised.

> These functions may fail if:

> Range Error
>   The result underflows.

>   If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero, then errno shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, then the underflow floating-point exception shall be raised.

The following sections are informative.

#### EXAMPLES

> None.

#### APPLICATION USAGE

> On error, the expressions (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) and (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of each other, but at least one of them must be non-zero.

#### RATIONALE

> These functions are named so as to avoid conflicting with the historical definition of the scalb() function from the Single UNIX Specification. The difference is that the scalb() function has a second argument of double instead of int. The scalb() function is not part of the ISO C standard. The three functions whose second type is long are provided because the factor required to scale from the smallest positive floating-point value to the largest finite one, on many implementations, is too large to represent in the minimum-width int format.

#### FUTURE DIRECTIONS

> None.

#### SEE ALSO

> feclearexcept(), fetestexcept(), scalb(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 4.18, Treatment of Error Conditions for Mathematical Functions, <math.h>

#### CHANGE HISTORY

> First released in Issue 6. Derived from the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard.

End of informative text.

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